(No full mark scheme given with
this examination)
Unprepared
translation
Important: Read the Greek and the
English of the translated Sections A and C, and use them to help you with your
translation of the remainder (Sections B and D). The words underlined
in the Greek of A and C will be particularly useful. Words underlined in Sections B and D are given in the glossary at the end of the passage.
in the Greek of A and C will be particularly useful. Words underlined in Sections B and D are given in the glossary at the end of the passage.
Translate into English
Sections B and D of the following passage:
Euxitheos, a Mytilenean, is
on trial for the alleged murder of Herodes, an Athenian. This is the
defendant’s account of what happened on the night that Herodes disappeared
after a convivial party on board a ship in harbour.
A.
ey®ye Se
tov pev nlouv
enoino&pnv ek t^; MuTilf|vn;, ffl avSpe;, ev t® nloi® nle®v ® 'HpfflSn; outo; ov ^aoiv un’ epou
&no0aveiv. enleopev Se ei; T^v
Aivov, ey® pev ®; tov nacepa (etuyxave yap eKei ®v coce), o Se ‘HpfflSn;
avSp&noSa 0pa^iv av0pfflnoi; anoluo®v. ouvenlei Se Ta avSpanoSa a eSei auTov anoluoai, Kai
oi 0paKe; oi luoopevoi. ^ pev npo^aoi; eKaTep® tou nlou aucn eTuxopev Se
xeipfflvi tivi /pno&pevoi, u^’ ou ^vayK&o0npev Kacaoxeiv ei; T^v Mn0upvnv, ou to nloiov rnppei touto ei; o peTeKp&vTa ^aoiv ano0aveiv tov 'Hp®Snv.
I made the
voyage from Mytilene, gentlemen, sailing as a passenger in the same ship as
Herodes, the man the prosecution say I murdered. We were bound for Ainos, -1
to visit my father, who was living there just at that time, and Herodes to
arrange the ransom of some slaves to certain Thracians. Both the slaves and the
Thracians who were to purchase their freedom were on board with us. Such were
the motives on either side for making the voyage. In the course of it we
encountered a storm, as a result of which we were forced to put in at Methymne,
where there was lying at anchor the boat to which - according to the prosecution
- Herodes transshipped, and met his death.
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B.
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Kai npfflTov pev auca cauca aKonerce oti oU rfi epfi npovoia eyiyveTo pallov ^ tux^. ouce yap enetoa tov avSpa oupnleiv pot, all’ aUTo; Ka0’ aucov tov nlouv enotfoaTo eveKa npaypacrav iSi®v. ouce av ey® aveu npo^&oera; iKav^; ^aivopat tov nlouv notno&pevo; ei; t^v Avvov, ouce Kaceoxopev ei; Mn0upvnv ano napaoKeu^; oUSepta;, all’ avayK^ Kai xeipfflvi xpno&pevot. out’ av, erceiS^ ®ppio&pe0a, ^ peceKPaoi; eyeveco ei; to ecepov nloiov oUSevi pnxav^paci oUS’ an&T^, all’ avayKfl Kai touto eyeveco. to pev yap nloiov ev ra enleopev aoTeyaoTov ^v, ei; o Se pecePnpev, eoTeyaopevov. tou Se uecou eveKa cauc’ ^v. erceiS^ Se pece^ePnpev ei; to ecepov nloiov, enivopev. Kai o pev 'Hp®Sn; ^aivecai eKPa; ek tou rcloiou, Kai ouk eioPa; rc&liv. ey® Se to nap&nav ouk e^ePnv ek tou rcloiou t^; vukto; eKeivn;. t^ Se uoTepaia, erceiS^ a^av^; ^v o av^p, eZnTevTo oUSev pallov uno cfflv allrnv ^ Kai un’ epou, Kai ev Ttvt cfflv allrnv eSoKet Seivov eivai, eSoKei Kai epoi opoirn;, Kai ei; t^v Mucilfvnv ey® a’rno; ^v nep^0^vav ayyelov, Kai, allou oUSevo; e0elovTo; PaSi^ew, ey® tov aK6lou0ov tov epaucou rceprceiv ecoipo; ^v.
C.
eneiSn Se
o av^p ofixe ev MuxiX^v^ e^aivexo ZnxoUpevo? ofix’ aXXo0i oVSapoV, Kai nXoV?
npvv eyiyvexo, Kai xaXXa avriyexo nXova anavxa, raxopnv Kai ey® nXerav.
There was
no trace of the man, in spite of search being made for him in Mytilene and
elsewhere. Our voyage could now be resumed; all other boats were now putting to
sea, so I likewise sailed and went my way.
Euxitheos bases his defence
on arguments from probability (xa EiKoxa): if the prosecution had a real case,
they would have been likely to prefer it to have been made at once in Methymne.
(Antiphon, Murder of Herodes
20-5)
disappeared
without trace (+ inf.) responsible for servant
in a
conspiracy
Set texts
Answer all the
questions on both set texts
Words
underlined are given in the glossary below each passage
Herodotus
The
Battle of Thermopylai
1.
Translate into English:
AaKeSaipovirav
Se Kai ©eamirav xoioUxrav yevopevrav opra? Xeyexai avqp apiaxo? yev£a0ai
Enapxifxn? Ainv£Kn?^ xov xoSe ^aai eircew xo eno? npiv n auppev^ai a^ea? xovov MfSoiai, nu0opevov npo? xeu xrav
Tp^xivvrav ra? eneav ov PapPapoi arciraai xa xo^eupaxa, xov ^Xiov vno xov
nXf0eo? xrav oiaxrav arcoKpUrcxouar xoaovxo rcXfl0o? aVxrav eivar xov Se oVk eKrcXaysvxa xoUxoiai eircew, ev aXoyvfl noieupevov xo xrav
MfSrav rcXfl0o?, ra? navxa aya0a o Tpnxtvio? ^ervo? ayyeXXoi, ei anoKpunxovxrav
xrav MfSrav xov "qXiov vno aKifl eaoixo npo? aVxoV? n paxn
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Kai ouk Ev nlira. rawra
pEv Kai alia roiourorpona Enea ^aai AinvEKea rov AaKeSaipOviov lircEo0ai
pvnpOouva. pera SE rowrov apiorewoai lEyovrai AaKeSaipOvioi Suo aSel^eoi,
’Al^eo; re Kai Maprav ’Opoi^avrou navSe;.
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Eneav = Eneiav
(subj. of a^inpi) ’Al^eO;,
o
aniraCTi =
a^iraCTi arrow Maprav,
o
6'vctto;, o I astonish ’OpCTi^avro;,
o
EKnlfCTCTra
(EKnlay-)
2. Answer the
questions set on both of the following passages:
(a) o pEv rawra
eiprara, o SE urcolaPrav E^n ‘PaCTilew, Korepa aln0eig xpfCTrapai
(i)
When did this conversation take place? Who was
Demaratos? What question had he been asked?
(ii) What picture of
Greek life and culture is presented in lines 6-8 (rg 'EllaSi ... SeCTnoCTuvnv)?
(iii)
What does this conversation contribute to our
understanding of the differences between Greeks and Persians?
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aloyin, n aKif, n
ToiouTorpono; -ov pnvpoouvov, TO
apiCTTeura
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©ECTrnEe;, oi AinvEKn;, o npiv g teu = rivo; Tpnxivio;, o
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Thespians
Dienekes
before
Trachinian
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contempt
shade
of such a kind memorial I am
distinguished by valour Alpheos Maron Orsiphantos
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displeasing
poverty
acquired
I ward off
despotism
Dorian
I dwell
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anSf; -e; nevin, n EnaKro; -ov anapuvopai SeCTnoCTuvn, n
ArapiKO; -n -ov oiKnpai
SouloCTuvn, n auri; SE
avriOopai + dat. E; gv = Eav EKCTTpareuopai
nlewve; = nlEove;
slavery
and secondly I oppose someone in
I take the field
(b) xai PaaiXEa 0nevpevov xpi? dvaSpapeiv Ek xov 0povou, 5e^aavxa nepi xfi axpaxifl.
(i)
Distinguish between the two contingents of Xerxes’ army mentioned in
the first sentence. Why did Xerxes call the second of them into action?
(ii)
To what does Herodotus attribute the Greek success in this engagement?
(iii)In what ways is this passage
typical of Herodotus’ narrative style and technique?
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xpnxEra?
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roughly
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vrcoaxpE^ra
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I turn about
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nepiEnra
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I handle
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dvxfoi eivai + dat.
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to face ...
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'YSapvn?, o
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Hydarnes
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pexaaxpE^opai
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I turn about
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evnexEra?
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easily
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KaxaPaXXra
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I kill
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^Epopai
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I succeed,
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ESuvEaxo =
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achieve
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ESvvavxo
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axeivonopov
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pass, narrow
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-)
P
a
(X
ra
av
P
p
a
aX
p
a
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I gain an advantage
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defile
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EvxpEnra
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I turn round
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Kaxa xEXea
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squadron by squadron
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aXEe?
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in close order
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dvaxpExra (-Spap-)
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I leap up
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^euyEaKra: -pk-
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indicates repeated action
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0povo? -ou, o
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throne
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rcaxayo?, o
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rattle of arms
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3.
Either (a) Discuss the strategic advantages of holding
Thermopylai.
Or (b) In what way, according to Herodotus, was Athens
the Saviour of Greece?
Sophocles The fall of Oedipus
1. Translate into English:
XO. x^ noxe PEP^kev, OiSmou?, vn’ dyp^a? a^aaa Xvnn? n yuv^; SESoix’ onra? pn ’k x^? airan^? x^aS’ dvappn^ei Kara.
OI. onora xptiZei pnyvuT®
coUpov S’ ey®,
Kei opiKpov eoTi, onepp’ iServ Poulfoopai. aucn S’
vo®;, ^povev yap ®; yuvf peya, t^v Suoyeveiav t^v ep^v aioxuvecai. ey® S’ epaucov naTSa
t^; Tuxn; veprnv t^; ev SiSouon; ouk dTlpao0foopal. t^; yap rce^uKa pncpo; oi Se
ouyyevev; p^ve; pe piKpov Kai peyav
Sifflpioav. coiooSe S’ ek^u; ouk av e^el0oip’ eci noc’ allo;, ®oce p^ ’Kpa0erv
coupov yevo;.
aioorn (ai^ -) I rush out oceppa,
to origin
lunf, ^ grief Suoyeveia, ^ lowly birth
avappfyvupi (-ppn^-) I break out pel; (pnv-), o month
2.
Answer the questions set on both of the following passages:
(a)
OI. Ti ^f;, ^ev’; auco; poi ou onpfva; yevou.
ArrEAOZ
ei touto np®cov Set p’ anayyevlai
oa^®;, ev vo0’ eKevvov 0avaoipov PePnKoca.
OI. nocepa Soloioiv, ^ vooou fovallayn;
Ar. opiKpa nalaia offlpac’ eUvaZei ponf.
OI. voooi; o clfprnv, ®; eoiKev, e^0rro.
Ar. Kai t® paKp® ye ouppecpoupevo; xpov®.
OI. ^eu ^eu, Ti S^t’ av, ffl yuvai, okotcotto Ti; t^v nu0opavTiv eoTtav, ^ tou; av®
Kla^ovca; opvei;, ®v u^nync®v ey®
KTeveiv epellov nacepa tov epov; o Se 0av®v Keu0ei k&t® S^ yn; • ey® S’ oS’ ev0aSe ayauoco; eyxou;, ev ti p^ T®p® no0®
Kace^0i0’ out® S’ av 0av®v evn ’£, epou. ca
S’ ovv npoSovca oullaP®v 0eomopaTa KeiTai nap’ "AiS'fl noluPo; a^i’ oUSevo;.
IO. ouKouv eyffl ooi cauca
npouleyov nalai;
OI. nuSa; ey® Se t® ^oP® napnyopnv.
IO. p^ vuv ec’ auT®v pnSev e;
0upov Pal^;.
OI. Kai n®; to pncpo; ouk 6Kverv lexo; pe SeT;
IO. Ti S’ av ^oPott’ av0p®no; ra ca t^; Tuxn;
Kpacei, npovoia S’ eoTiv oUSevo; oa^f;; ek^ KpaTiocov Z^v, on®; Suvaico
Ti;. ou S’ e; ca pncpo; p^ ^oPou vup^eupaca. nolloi yap ^Sn Kav 6veipaoiv Ppoc®v
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OI.
IO.
OI.
Ar.
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(i)
What is the significance of the messenger’s interruption in the last
line of the passage?
(ii)
How do Oedipus and Iokaste react to the messenger’s news? In what way
are their reactions typical of their characters?
(iii)
How does this scene fit into the story of Oedipus’ search for the
truth? Assess its dramatic effectiveness.
CTnpfva; yevow 0avaCTipo; -ov SOlo;, o
^uvallayf, n euvaZra ponf, n
CTupperpoupevo; nu0Opavri; SCTria KlaZra
opvi;, o tell me
dead
treachery
visitation
I put to sleep
turn of the scale
in due measure with
the seat of the Pythian oracle
I scream
bird
u^nrnrf;, o
Keu0ra
ayauCTro; -ov nO0o;, o
Kara^0ivopai (^0i-)
CTullapPavra
0ECTniCTpa, to
napayra
EiKq
6^0alpO;, o guide
I lie hidden without touching longing I waste away I
carry off prophecy I mislead at random comfort
(b)
OI. ouro; ctu, tcpEctPu, Sewpo poi ^ravei PlEnrav oct’ av ct’ Eprarra. Aafou nor’ nCT0a ctu;
OEPAnQN
n, Sowlo; ouk rnvnrO;, all’ ovkoi rpa^ei;. OI. Epyov pepipvrav novov n Piov riva;
PE. noipvai; ra nletora row
Piou CTuveinOpnv. OI. xrapoi; paliCTra npo; tvcti ^uvaulo; rav;
PE. nv pEv Ki0aiprav, nv SE npOCTxrapo; rOno;. OI. rov avSpa rOvS’ ouv oiCT0a
rgSE nou pa0rav; PE. ri xpqpa Spravra; novov avSpa Kai lEyei;; OI. rOvS’ o; napeCTTiv • n ^uvalla^a; ri nou; PE. oux ©ctte y’ erne™ Ev raxei pvfpn; ano.
Ar. kouSEv ye 0awpa, SEcttcot’. all’ Ey® CTa^ra; ayyrar’ avapvf CTra viv. eu Yap oiS’ ori
KaroiSev npo; rov Ki0aipravo; rOnov o pEv Si^lo^i noipvioi;, Ey® S’ Evi EnlnCTiaZov t®Se ravSpi TpEv; olou;
e^ ^po; ei; apKcoupov eKpfvou; xpovou; •
Xeip®vi S’ ^Sn capa t’ ei; enaul’ ey®
^lauvov outo; t’ e; ca Aa'tou oca0pa. ley® ti tout®v, ^ oU ley® nenpaypevov;
©E. leyei; aln0'n, Kainep ek paKpou xpovou.
Ar. ^ep’ eine vuv, tot’ ovo0a naTSa poi Tiva Sou;,
®; epauc® 0peppa 0peya(pnv eyffl;
©E. t( S’ eoci; npo; ci touto couno; iocoper;;
Ar. oS’ eociv, ffl cav,
Kervo; o; tot’ ^v veo;.
©E. ouk ei; ole0pov; oU oirnn^oa; eo'fl;
OI. a, p^ KolaZe, npeoPu,
covS’, enei ca oa Serrai Kolaocou pallov ^ ca couS’ enn.
©E. t( S’, ffl ^epioce Seonoc®v, apapcav®;
OI. ouk evvenrnv tov naTS’ ov outo; iocoper.
©E. leyei yap eiS®; oUSev, all’ all®;
noveT.
(i)
What vital information is elicited from the old shepherd in this
passage?
(ii)
Show, with examples, how the old shepherd consistently tries to evade
the issue. Why does he behave like this?
(iii)
How does Sophocles contrive to make both the messenger and the shepherd
important agents in this dialogue?
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®vnco;-ov
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bought
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Sinlou; -ouv
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double
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cpa^ei;
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bred
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nlnoiaZ® (+ dat.)
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I associate with
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pepipv®
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I am occupied with
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"np, to
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spring
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ouvenopai (+ dat.)
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I tend
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apKcoupo;, o
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the rising Arcturus
in September
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^uvaulo; -ov
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living in
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eKpnvo; -ov
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of six months
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npooxrnpo; -ov
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neighbouring
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enaula, ca
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sheep-fold
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^uvallaoo®
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I have dealings with
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0peppa, to
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baby
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ayvffl; (ayv®T-)
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ignorant
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Kolaocf;, o
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punisher
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avapipvnoK®
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I remind
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^epioco; -n -ov
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best
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(pvno-)
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"np°;
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when
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3.
Either (a) Is it true to say that nothing ‘happens’ in Oedipus Tyrannus?
Or (b) Sophocles increased the number of
actors from two to three. How does this innovation enhance the dramatic effect
of the scenes you have read?
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